Organisation and Management - Part IV
Summary
In this chapter we will discuss leadership in the ICU – the different types of leadership, roles involved and the impact that they may have on the members of the team that they work with and the direction that the development of the ICU takes.
General Information
Enrolled trainees 113
Open 12.10.2022
Available for ESICM members
Student effort 2
Last Updated October 12, 2022
Intended Learning Outcomes
After studying this module on Organisation and Management Part IV you should be able to:
- List the differences between leadership and management
- Describe the different leadership styles and approaches
Relevant competencies in CoBaTrICE
- 11.4 Identifies and minimises risk of critical incidents and adverse events, including complications of critical illness
- 11.6 Critically appraises and applies guidelines, protocols and care bundles.
- 11.8 Demonstrates an understanding of the managerial & administrative responsibilities of the ICM specialist.
- 12.2 Communicates effectively with members of the health care team.
- 12.7 Collaborates and consults; promotes team-working.
- 12.13 Seeks learning opportunities and integrates new knowledge into clinical practice.
Enrollment Options
You are currently NOT enrolled in this course.
This course is available only for registered ESICM members.
If you are an ESICM member you can enrol yourself by clicking the Enrol Me button.
If there is no Enrol button on the top left of this card please check that you have login and that you are an ESICM Member.
Verify that you are logged in the Academy using your valid ESICM account to enrol yourself in the course.
Disclaimer
All authors of ACE courses sign a document declaring absence or any actual or potential conflicts of interest. In addition, they sign a copyright document confirming the work is their own and that they have obtained the necessary permission for any copyrighted material. The latter document also transfers the intellectual copyright to the ESICM. Both the conflict of interest and copyright forms are filed and stored in compliance with GDPR and are available for inspection upon request.
Organisation and Management - Part III
Summary
In this chapter we will examine the role of managing teams and teamwork in the ICU. We will discuss the importance of teamwork in the ICU and the different strategies that can be used to produce more cohesive teams. The physician manager who leads the ICU team has a variety of roles and functions and these will be examined in detail.
General Information
Enrolled trainees 115
Open 12.10.2022
Available for ESICM members
Student effort 2
Last Updated October 12, 2022
Intended Learning Outcomes
After studying this module on Organisation and Management Part III you should be able to:
- Describe the different styles of teams that work within the ICU.
- Describe the different strategies that can improve the cohesiveness of teams working in the ICU.
- Describe the roles and functions of the ICU physician-manager.
Relevant competencies in CoBaTrICE
- 11.4 Identifies and minimises risk of critical incidents and adverse events, including complications of critical illness
- 11.6 Critically appraises and applies guidelines, protocols and care bundles.
- 11.8 Demonstrates an understanding of the managerial & administrative responsibilities of the ICM specialist.
- 12.2 Communicates effectively with members of the health care team.
- 12.7 Collaborates and consults; promotes team-working.
- 12.13 Seeks learning opportunities and integrates new knowledge into clinical practice.
Enrollment Options
You are currently NOT enrolled in this course.
This course is available only for registered ESICM members.
If you are an ESICM member you can enrol yourself by clicking the Enrol Me button.
If there is no Enrol button on the top left of this card please check that you have login and that you are an ESICM Member.
Verify that you are logged in the Academy using your valid ESICM account to enrol yourself in the course.
Disclaimer
All authors of ACE courses sign a document declaring absence or any actual or potential conflicts of interest. In addition, they sign a copyright document confirming the work is their own and that they have obtained the necessary permission for any copyrighted material. The latter document also transfers the intellectual copyright to the ESICM. Both the conflict of interest and copyright forms are filed and stored in compliance with GDPR and are available for inspection upon request.
Organisation and Management - Part II
Summary
In this chapter we will discuss key function that the ICU physician-manger undertakes including planning, budgeting, audit and quality control, managing change, guidelines, policies and procedures and human resource management. Each of these functions will be discussed in more detail in turn.
General Information
Enrolled trainees 128
Open 12.10.2022
Available for ESICM members
Student effort 2
Last Updated October 12, 2022
Intended Learning Outcomes
After studying this module on Organisation and Management Part II you should be able to:
- Describe the considerations when undertaking strategic planning, budgeting, and financial management in the ICU.
- List the stages required in setting up a quality improvement programme
- Describe the role of human resources with respect to the ICU.
- List the barriers to change in the ICU.
Relevant competencies in CoBaTrICE
- 11.4 Identifies and minimises risk of critical incidents and adverse events, including complications of critical illness
- 11.6 Critically appraises and applies guidelines, protocols and care bundles.
- 11.8 Demonstrates an understanding of the managerial & administrative responsibilities of the ICM specialist.
- 12.2 Communicates effectively with members of the health care team.
- 12.7 Collaborates and consults; promotes team-working.
- 12.13 Seeks learning opportunities and integrates new knowledge into clinical practice.
Enrollment Options
You are currently NOT enrolled in this course.
This course is available only for registered ESICM members.
If you are an ESICM member you can enrol yourself by clicking the Enrol Me button.
If there is no Enrol button on the top left of this card please check that you have login and that you are an ESICM Member.
Verify that you are logged in the Academy using your valid ESICM account to enrol yourself in the course.
Disclaimer
All authors of ACE courses sign a document declaring absence or any actual or potential conflicts of interest. In addition, they sign a copyright document confirming the work is their own and that they have obtained the necessary permission for any copyrighted material. The latter document also transfers the intellectual copyright to the ESICM. Both the conflict of interest and copyright forms are filed and stored in compliance with GDPR and are available for inspection upon request.
Organisation and Management - Part I
Summary
Traditionally much of the focus in intensive care has been on the clinical aspects, such as novel drugs therapies and technology improvements to facilitate organ support. Yet the goal of delivering high-quality care requires intensive care physicians to engage more broadly in aspects of patient care that go beyond the bedside. This requires a comprehensive understanding of the key principles underlying effective intensive care unit (ICU) organisation and management.
This module provides an introduction to ICU organisation. It acquaints the reader with generic concepts helpful to the understanding of the organisational environment within which the ICU physician-managers or leaders function, provides tools that can used on a day-to-day basis (e.g. planning, organising, decision-making, staffing, controlling, motivating, leading, directing) and offers a basis for further study in the field of healthcare management. Many of the principles outlined in this module relate to generic organisational and leadership practices, with citations from classic healthcare literature. The authors fully acknowledge that cultural differences do exist but these differences should not override universal standards of good healthcare practices that are to deliver safe, effective, efficient, and patient-centred care. Where possible, research studies relating to contemporary healthcare management on pragmatic issues of concern to intensive care physicians have been included. As research into some of these topics still remains ‘novel’, this module also uses non-healthcare literature to include lessons from industry, which we believe are applicable to intensive care.
General Information
Enrolled trainees 182
Open 12.10.2022
Available for ESICM members
Student effort 2
Last Updated October 12, 2022
Intended Learning Outcomes
After studying this module on Organisation and Management Part I, you should be able to:
- List the organisational factors that are associated with improved ICU performance, patient safety and outcome
- Describe the structural and organization requirements of ICUs
- Describe the challenges of cost containment and rationing of care
- Describe how data registries can be used to improve ICU performance
Relevant competencies in CoBaTrICE
- 11.4 Identifies and minimises risk of critical incidents and adverse events, including complications of critical illness
- 11.6 Critically appraises and applies guidelines, protocols and care bundles.
- 11.8 Demonstrates an understanding of the managerial & administrative responsibilities of the ICM specialist.
- 12.2 Communicates effectively with members of the health care team.
- 12.7 Collaborates and consults; promotes team-working.
- 12.13 Seeks learning opportunities and integrates new knowledge into clinical practice.
Enrollment Options
You are currently NOT enrolled in this course.
This course is available only for registered ESICM members.
If you are an ESICM member you can enrol yourself by clicking the Enrol Me button.
If there is no Enrol button on the top left of this card please check that you have login and that you are an ESICM Member.
Verify that you are logged in the Academy using your valid ESICM account to enrol yourself in the course.
Disclaimer
All authors of ACE courses sign a document declaring absence or any actual or potential conflicts of interest. In addition, they sign a copyright document confirming the work is their own and that they have obtained the necessary permission for any copyrighted material. The latter document also transfers the intellectual copyright to the ESICM. Both the conflict of interest and copyright forms are filed and stored in compliance with GDPR and are available for inspection upon request.
Clinical outcome Part IV
Part 4: How to compare the performance of ICUs
Summary
Outcome refers to the result of a process or an event; clinical outcome refers to the results of any healthcare intervention, including the entire range of activities performed in an intensive care unit (ICU).
General Information
Enrolled trainees 862
Open 03.09.2019
Available for ESICM members
Student effort 1
Last Updated June 20, 2022
Intended Learning Outcomes
At the end of this ACE the reader should be able to:
- Describe the limitations (at least 2) of a standardized mortality ratio.
- Assess how severity of illness models are used to compensate for case-mix differences
- Analyse how differences in case-mix influence the outcome of an ICU
Relevant competencies in CoBaTrICE
- 11.7 Describes commonly used scoring systems for assessment of severity of illness, case mix and workload.
Enrollment Options
You are currently NOT enrolled in this course.
This course is available only for registered ESICM members.
If you are an ESICM member you can enrol yourself by clicking the Enrol Me button.
If there is no Enrol button on the top left of this card please check that you have login and that you are an ESICM Member.
Verify that you are logged in the Academy using your valid ESICM account to enrol yourself in the course.
Disclaimer
All authors of ACE courses sign a document declaring absence or any actual or potential conflicts of interest. In addition, they sign a copyright document confirming the work is their own and that they have obtained the necessary permission for any copyrighted material. The latter document also transfers the intellectual copyright to the ESICM. Both the conflict of interest and copyright forms are filed and stored in compliance with GDPR and are available for inspection upon request.
Clinical outcome Part III
Part 3: Severity Scores and predicting mortality
Summary
Outcome refers to the result of a process or an event; clinical outcome refers to the results of any healthcare intervention, including the entire range of activities performed in an intensive care unit (ICU). A more elaborate discussion of “Outcome” can be found in the eCourse: Outcome. This eCourse is followed by an eCourse on How to measure outcome. We assume knowledge of these eCourses before continuing this eCourse on how to predict outcome.
General Information
Enrolled trainees 1013
Open 03.09.2019
Available for ESICM members
Student effort 1
Last Updated April 13, 2022
Intended Learning Outcomes
At the end of this ACE the reader should be able to:
- List the major variables (at least 5) that have a negative relationship with outcome (mortality)
- Describe how these variables are combined in a model to predict a certain outcome.
- Assess when a model is performing good (using the terms discrimination and goodness-of-fit)
Relevant competencies in CoBaTrICE
- 11.7 Describes commonly used scoring systems for assessment of severity of illness, case mix and workload.
Enrollment Options
You are currently NOT enrolled in this course.
This course is available only for registered ESICM members.
If you are an ESICM member you can enrol yourself by clicking the Enrol Me button.
If there is no Enrol button on the top left of this card please check that you have login and that you are an ESICM Member.
Verify that you are logged in the Academy using your valid ESICM account to enrol yourself in the course.
Disclaimer
All authors of ACE courses sign a document declaring absence or any actual or potential conflicts of interest. In addition, they sign a copyright document confirming the work is their own and that they have obtained the necessary permission for any copyrighted material. The latter document also transfers the intellectual copyright to the ESICM. Both the conflict of interest and copyright forms are filed and stored in compliance with GDPR and are available for inspection upon request.
Clinical outcome Part II
Part 2: How to measure outcome?
Summary
General Information
Enrolled trainees 951
Open 03.09.2019
Available for ESICM members
Student effort 1
Last Updated April 13, 2022
Intended Learning Outcomes
At the end of this ACE the reader should be able to:
- List different survival end-points that are used in research
- Describe outcomes other than survival that are of importance to patients (and researchers).
Relevant competencies in CoBaTrICE
- 11.6 Critically appraises and applies guidelines, protocols and care bundles
- 11.7 Describes commonly used scoring systems for assessment of severity of illness, case mix and workload
Enrollment Options
You are currently NOT enrolled in this course.
This course is available only for registered ESICM members.
If you are an ESICM member you can enrol yourself by clicking the Enrol Me button.
If there is no Enrol button on the top left of this card please check that you have login and that you are an ESICM Member.
Verify that you are logged in the Academy using your valid ESICM account to enrol yourself in the course.
Disclaimer
All authors of ACE courses sign a document declaring absence or any actual or potential conflicts of interest. In addition, they sign a copyright document confirming the work is their own and that they have obtained the necessary permission for any copyrighted material. The latter document also transfers the intellectual copyright to the ESICM. Both the conflict of interest and copyright forms are filed and stored in compliance with GDPR and are available for inspection upon request.
Clinical outcome Part I
Part 1: Clinical Outcome Measures
Summary
Outcome refers to the intermediate or final result of a process or an event; clinical outcome refers to the results of any healthcare intervention, including the entire range of activities performed in an intensive care unit (ICU) and in the Hospital. Despite other outcomes being important for the intensivist, e.g. effectiveness in the use of resources, clinical outcomes are the most important measure of critical care activity.
There are many clinical outcomes that can be measured. Hospital mortality (or vital status at Hospital discharge) is the most frequently used outcome in clinical practice but more and more often the quality of life after hospital discharge is valued by patients, families, health workers, policy makers and all of society.
General Information
Enrolled trainees 1317
Open 03.09.2019
Available for ESICM members
Student effort 1
Last Updated May 6, 2022
Intended Learning Outcomes
At the end of this ACE the reader should be able to:
- Describe the different types of patient-related outcome measures
- Define and appropriately select relevant clinical outcomes
- Measure the clinical outcome measures
- Analyse patient-related outcome measures regarding feasibility and objectivity
Relevant competencies in CoBaTrICE
- 11.8 Demonstrates an understanding of the managerial & administrative responsibilities of the ICM specialist
Enrollment Options
You are currently NOT enrolled in this course.
This course is available only for registered ESICM members.
If you are an ESICM member you can enrol yourself by clicking the Enrol Me button.
If there is no Enrol button on the top left of this card please check that you have login and that you are an ESICM Member.
Verify that you are logged in the Academy using your valid ESICM account to enrol yourself in the course.
Disclaimer
All authors of ACE courses sign a document declaring absence or any actual or potential conflicts of interest. In addition, they sign a copyright document confirming the work is their own and that they have obtained the necessary permission for any copyrighted material. The latter document also transfers the intellectual copyright to the ESICM. Both the conflict of interest and copyright forms are filed and stored in compliance with GDPR and are available for inspection upon request.