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Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome (ARDS)
Summary
Acute respiratory failure (ARF) is one of the most frequent reasons for admission to the intensive care unit (ICU) and is associated with significant mortality. Acute respiratory failure frequently progresses to acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS). Here, we will focus on ARDS, the most severe form of hypoxemic ARF, and particularly on those ARDS patients requiring ventilatory support and mechanical ventilation. Among all patients admitted to ICU with ARF, almost three-quarters meet the criteria for ARDS (Bellani G, Laffey JG et al 2016).
ARDS is not a disease in itself but a clinical syndrome precipitated by a large variety of clinical condi-tions, such as pneumonia, sepsis, trauma, massive pulmonary embolism, aspiration, and thus, in addition to the management of ARDS, treatment of the underlying disease is crucial.
General Information
Enrolled trainees 3937
Open 12.02.2018
Available for ESICM members
Student effort 3
Last Updated June 7, 2022
Intended Learning Outcomes
After studying this module on Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome (ARDS), you should be able to:
- Understand the current Berlin definition for ARDS
- Understand the relationships between the Berlin definition of ARDS and the lung histology during ARDS
- Know which key respiratory mechanics variables should be monitored and how
- Know advanced monitoring of the lung function during mechanical ventilation for ARDS
- Know the rationale and the practical issues of setting the ventilator in ARDS patients
- Know the rationale and the practical issues of setting adjunct therapies in ARDS patients
Know the specific features of COVID-19 related ARDS
Relevant competencies in CoBaTrICE
- 1.1 Adopts a structured and timely approach to the recognition, assessment and stabilisation of the acutely ill patient with disordered physiology
- 2.6 Obtains and interprets the results from blood gas samples
- 3.1 Manages the care of the critically ill patient with specific acute medical conditions
- 3.8 Recognises and manages the patient with acute respiratory failure and ARDS
- 7.3 Manages sedation and neuromuscular blockade
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