Abdominal problems are common in critically ill patients, either as the primary indication for admission or, more commonly, as a reflection of underlying illness. The interaction between abdominal organs and critical illness are complex and can present in a variety of ways.

In order to manage abdominal problems effectively, a comprehensive initial diagnostic work up, together with an understanding of normal physiology and early assessment of disease severity (aetiological factors and predisposing conditions) is required. The following continuous monitoring in anticipation of complications is equally important. The present module is dedicated to the management of abdominal problems developing in the ICU.  

Caveat: The evidence for clinical management of abdominal problems in critically ill patients is sparse. Many of the recommendations in this module are based on common sense or expert-opinion and, as such, the recommendations of this module should be interpreted with caution.