Acute kidney injury (AKI) is a common in critically ill patients. It is characterized as a syndrome in which there is a sudden and rapid decline in kidney function, involving both structural damage and functional impairment (Kellum and Lameire 2013). AKI presents a range of causes and varying degrees of severity, ranging from acute kidney damage to acute kidney failure (Kellum and Lameire 2013). Acute kidney damage refers to the initial injury to the kidneys, while acute kidney failure is the severe stage where the kidneys can no longer filter waste or maintain fluid and electrolyte balance. Acute kidney injury also refers to a condition where the damage progresses to a measurable stage, classified as stages 1 to 3 (Table 1). Diagnosis of AKI relies on two key parameters: urine output as a clinical criterion and serum creatinine as a biomarker for kidney function (Mehta et al. 2007). The current recommended classification system for AKI in intensive care units (ICU) is the international Kidney Disease Improving Global Outcomes (KDIGO) classification (Table 1) (Khwaja 2012). Critically ill patients with AKI face a significantly high mortality rate, potentially reaching up to 60% (Uchino et al. 2005).