By the end of the course, participants will know how 

• To outline key concepts in ICU clinical pharmacotherapy
• To demonstrate the processes for safe prescribing, administration, and monitoring of medicines in the ICU
• To describe the principles of medicines optimization and how pharmacotherapy is tailored in response to dynamic changes in a critically ill patient. 
• To compare different types of shock (e.g. hypovolaemic, cardiogenic, septic/distributive) and outline the options for clinical management.
• To present the basic pharmacology of inotropes and vasopressors and how these are use used to optimise cardiac performance, exploring the practical aspects of administration and monitoring. 
• To discuss the management of acute kidney injury, compare the various modalities of renal replacement therapy and describe the implications for pharmacotherapy and drug dosing.
• To describe the pathophysiology of sepsis and its impact on multiple organ systems.
• To examine the pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of antimicrobial agents and show how this knowledge is used to optimize their selection, dosing, and administration.
• To outline the principles of management of pain, agitation and delirium in the critically ill patient and apply this knowledge to practice in real-life scenarios to improve patient  outcomes and reduce harm.   
• To assess the impact of liver dysfunction on pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics and devise a strategy to ensure pharmacotherapy is safe and effective in the context of liver disease.